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In Vitro Modeling of Down Syndrome Neurogenesis Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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In Vitro Modeling of Down Syndrome Neurogenesis Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Sudomotor sympathetic hypofunction in Down's syndrome.

K V Naveen1, S Telles

  • 1Vivekananda Kendra Yoga Research Foundation, Appajappa Agrahara, Bangalore.

Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|April 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with Down

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research
  • Developmental Disorders

Background:

  • Down syndrome (DS) is associated with challenges in achieving heightened attention.
  • Sympathetic nervous system dysfunction has been hypothesized as a potential cause.
  • Specific sympathetic nervous system activity in DS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sympathetic nervous system activity in individuals with Down syndrome.
  • To determine if sympathetic dysfunction in DS is generalized or specific to certain subdivisions.
  • To explore the relationship between sympathetic activity and attention in DS.

Main Methods:

  • Compared sympathetic nervous system activity in 15 individuals with Down syndrome and 15 age/gender-matched controls.

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  • Measured skin conductance levels (SCLs) to assess sudomotor sympathetic activity.
  • Recorded heart rate and responses to auditory stimuli, including sympathetic skin responses (SSRs) and cutaneous vasoconstriction.

    • Main Results:

    • Down syndrome subjects exhibited lower skin conductance levels, indicating reduced sudomotor sympathetic activity.
    • Individuals with DS showed higher resting heart rates compared to controls.
    • Abnormal SSR responses were observed in DS subjects, while cutaneous vasoconstriction remained normal.

    Conclusions:

    • Sympathetic nervous system dysfunction in Down syndrome appears to be specific to the sudomotor subdivision.
    • Reduced sudomotor sympathetic activity may contribute to attention and recognition deficits in DS.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the implications of sudomotor dysfunction in DS.