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Acetylation and chromosomal functions.

W L Cheung1, S D Briggs, C D Allis

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Box 800733, University of Virginia, Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0733, USA.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|May 10, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases regulate gene transcription through histone acetylation. Acetylation also impacts non-histone proteins, highlighting its crucial role in various chromosomal functions.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key enzymes regulating gene transcription.
  • Histone acetylation/deacetylation modifies chromatin structure and accessibility.
  • Emerging evidence points to acetylation's role beyond histones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the established and emerging roles of histone acetylation in biological processes.
  • To highlight the significance of acetylation in regulating gene expression and chromosomal functions.
  • To underscore the importance of both histone and non-histone protein acetylation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of research on histone acetylation's impact on gene expression, development, and chromosomal stability.
  • Examination of findings related to non-histone protein acetylation.

    • Main Results:

    • Histone acetylation/deacetylation directly controls gene transcription.
    • Histone acetylation is crucial for developmental processes, centromeric structure, X-inactivation, and genomic imprinting.
    • Acetylation also modulates the function of numerous non-histone proteins.

    Conclusions:

    • Acetylation is a fundamental epigenetic mechanism regulating diverse cellular functions.
    • Both histone and non-histone protein acetylation are critical for maintaining genomic integrity and regulating gene expression.
    • Further research into acetylation's multifaceted roles is warranted.