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Immunity to calicivirus infection.

S M Matsui¹, H B Greenberg

¹Division of Gastroenterology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5487, USA. hf.smm@forsythe.stanford.edu.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

|May 11, 2000

Summary

Understanding immunity to calicivirus, like Norwalk virus, has evolved. While short-term immunity is common, research continues to identify factors for long-term protection against calicivirus infections.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Epidemiology

Background:

Calicivirus infections, particularly Norovirus, are a significant public health concern.
Understanding immunity is crucial for developing effective prevention and control strategies.
Historical research relied on human volunteer studies and native viral antigens.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evolution of calicivirus immunity research, focusing on Norwalk virus.
To highlight advancements in understanding short-term and long-term immunity.
To discuss the impact of new reagents on future research.

Main Methods:

Historical review of calicivirus immunity research stages.
Analysis of human volunteer studies.
Development and application of immunoassays and recombinant virus-like particles.

Main Results:

Short-term immunity to homologous calicivirus strains has been consistently demonstrated.
The cloning of Norwalk virus genome and production of virus-like particles revolutionized calicivirus research.
Recombinant virus-like particles offer a safer and more accessible tool for studying immunity.

Conclusions:

Calicivirus immunity research has progressed through distinct historical phases.
While short-term immunity is established, determinants of long-term immunity remain an active area of investigation.
Future studies utilizing recombinant virus-like particles in human and epidemiological settings will advance understanding of calicivirus immunity.

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