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Immunity to calicivirus infection
1Division of Gastroenterology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5487, USA. hf.smm@forsythe.stanford.edu.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|May 11, 2000
Summary
Understanding immunity to calicivirus, like Norwalk virus, has evolved. While short-term immunity is common, research continues to identify factors for long-term protection against calicivirus infections.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Calicivirus infections, particularly Norovirus, are a significant public health concern.
- Understanding immunity is crucial for developing effective prevention and control strategies.
- Historical research relied on human volunteer studies and native viral antigens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution of calicivirus immunity research, focusing on Norwalk virus.
- To highlight advancements in understanding short-term and long-term immunity.
- To discuss the impact of new reagents on future research.
Main Methods:
- Historical review of calicivirus immunity research stages.
- Analysis of human volunteer studies.
- Development and application of immunoassays and recombinant virus-like particles.
Main Results:
- Short-term immunity to homologous calicivirus strains has been consistently demonstrated.
- The cloning of Norwalk virus genome and production of virus-like particles revolutionized calicivirus research.
- Recombinant virus-like particles offer a safer and more accessible tool for studying immunity.
Conclusions:
- Calicivirus immunity research has progressed through distinct historical phases.
- While short-term immunity is established, determinants of long-term immunity remain an active area of investigation.
- Future studies utilizing recombinant virus-like particles in human and epidemiological settings will advance understanding of calicivirus immunity.