[3D virtual imaging of the upper airways].

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Medical Imaging
• Anatomy

Background:

• Spiral computed tomography (CT) allows for detailed three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of anatomical structures.
• The upper airways present unique challenges for imaging due to their complex geometry.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present and evaluate different 3D reconstruction techniques for the upper airways using spiral CT.
• To discuss the parameters essential for achieving accurate spiral CT imaging of the airways.

Main Methods:

• Multislice reconstruction (MSR) for multiplanar slices with high contrast.
• Thick slice reconstructions using maximum intensity projection (MIP) and minimum intensity projection (minIP) for contrast modification.
• Surface and volume external 3D reconstructions for overall airway visualization.
• Virtual endoscopy for simulating endoscopic views.

Main Results:

• MSR provides high-contrast slices comparable to thoracic MRI for specific indications.
• MIP and minIP offer adjustable contrast for exploring upper airway structures.
• Surface and volume reconstructions offer a comprehensive view, akin to bronchograms.
• Virtual endoscopy simulates real endoscopy but lacks mucosal detail and biopsy capabilities.

Conclusions:

• Spiral CT offers versatile 3D reconstruction methods for upper airway imaging.
• Each technique (MSR, MIP/minIP, surface/volume, virtual endoscopy) has distinct advantages and applications.
• Virtual endoscopy shows potential for planning and guiding interventional procedures.