In vitro studies and modeling of a controlled-release device for root canal therapy

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Biomaterials Science
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Endodontic disease stems from bacterial interaction with periradicular tissues.
• Effective treatment necessitates bacterial exclusion from the root canal system.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and model a controlled-release device for antimicrobial delivery in root canals.
• To achieve sustained therapeutic levels of chlorhexidine (CHX) for extended periods.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a cylindrical, needle-shaped device with a polymer-coated matrix core containing 30-45% CHX.
• Tailoring polymer composition and coating thickness to control release rates.
• Development of mathematical models using the finite element method to predict in vitro and in vivo drug release kinetics.
• Antimicrobial efficacy testing using a bovine tooth model.

Main Results:

• A formulation achieving steady CHX release for over 40 days post-initial burst was developed.
• Mathematical models accurately predicted in vitro and in vivo release kinetics, aligning with experimental data.
• In vitro antimicrobial tests confirmed the device's effectiveness in reducing microbial growth.

Conclusions:

• The developed controlled-release device offers a promising strategy for sustained antimicrobial delivery in endodontic treatment.
• Mathematical modeling is a valuable tool for optimizing device design and predicting in vivo performance.
• The device demonstrated significant potential for managing endodontic infections.