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Related Experiment Videos

Simulation of stack plume opacity.

R Z Meng1, P Karamchandani, C Seigneur

  • 1Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc., San Ramon, California, USA.

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)
|June 8, 2000
PubMed
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A new computer model predicts stack plume opacity by accounting for primary and secondary particle formation from condensable gases. This helps power plants meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency opacity regulations.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Aerosol Science

Background:

  • Stack opacity regulations are crucial for controlling air pollution from industrial facilities.
  • Condensable gases (SO3, HCl, NH3) form secondary particles, complicating opacity predictions.
  • Existing methods struggle to accurately predict plume opacity due to secondary particle formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computer simulation model for calculating stack plume opacity.
  • To incorporate both primary and secondary particle formation in opacity calculations.
  • To assess the impact of different emission control technologies on plume opacity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a model integrating plume rise dynamics with aerosol equilibrium.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Calculated secondary sulfate formation via nucleation and condensation on primary particles.
  • Employed a thermodynamic aerosol equilibrium model for particulate ammonium, chloride, and water.

    • Main Results:

    • The model accurately calculates opacity from both primary and secondary particles.
    • Opacity is most sensitive to primary particulate emissions.
    • Sulfur trioxide (SO3) had a minor effect unless H2SO4 condensed on primary particles; ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) formed only at high NH3 rates.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed model provides a comprehensive approach to predicting stack plume opacity.
    • Understanding secondary particle formation is key to accurate opacity assessment.
    • Emission control strategies significantly influence plume opacity, with primary particles being the dominant factor.