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[Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from patients with AIDS].

O de F Fernandes1, T R Costa, M R Costa

  • 1Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO.

Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical
|July 6, 2000
PubMed
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Cryptococcosis, a fungal infection, frequently affects patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This study found both Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans and var. gattii in cerebrospinal fluid of AIDS patients with neurocryptococcosis.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunocompromised Hosts

Background:

  • Cryptococcosis is a leading opportunistic fungal infection in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
  • Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans is more commonly isolated from AIDS patients than var. gattii.
  • Neurocryptococcosis, a severe form of cryptococcosis affecting the central nervous system, poses a significant threat to individuals with compromised immune systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and etiological agents of neurocryptococcosis in patients with AIDS.
  • To identify the specific varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AIDS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from fifty patients diagnosed with neurocryptococcosis and AIDS.

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  • Fungal isolation was performed using Sabouraud agar medium.
  • Identification of Cryptococcus neoformans and its varieties (neoformans and gattii) involved microscopic and macroscopic examinations, biochemical tests (agar Sabouraud, agar niger, Christensen's urea medium), and a specific colorimetric reaction on glycine-L-canavanina-bromothymol blue agar.

    • Main Results:

    • Cryptococcus neoformans was successfully isolated from the CSF of all fifty patients studied.
    • The isolates were identified as Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans in 47 patients (94%).
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii was identified in 3 patients (6%).

    Conclusions:

    • Both Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans and var. gattii are etiological agents of neurocryptococcosis in patients with AIDS.
    • The findings underscore the importance of considering both varieties in the diagnosis and management of neurocryptococcosis in this vulnerable population.
    • Further research may elucidate differential virulence or treatment responses between the two varieties in AIDS patients.