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Related Experiment Videos

Closed- and open-loop handwriting performance in patients with multiple sclerosis.

T Schenk1, E U Walther, N Mai

  • 1Department of Neurology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Germany. tschenk@nefo.med.uni-muenchen.de

European Journal of Neurology
|July 25, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Writing-impaired patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may exhibit motor control deficits due to an inadequate use of closed-loop strategies. When MS patients wrote under open-loop conditions, their handwriting became as fluent as controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Normal handwriting typically employs an open-loop motor control strategy.
  • Increased accuracy demands can prompt a switch to closed-loop motor control in healthy individuals.
  • The inefficient movements seen in impaired handwriting may stem from utilizing a closed-loop strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if motor deficits in writing-impaired patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are associated with the use of a closed-loop motor control strategy.
  • To compare handwriting movements between MS patients and healthy controls under varying motor control conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a digitizing tablet to record handwriting movements of 10 MS patients and 20 control subjects.
  • Assessed handwriting under three conditions: standard writing, closed-loop, and open-loop.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed individual stroke characteristics, including duration and segmentation.

    • Main Results:

    • MS patients exhibited increased stroke duration and segmentation during standard writing tasks compared to controls.
    • Healthy controls showed similar increases in stroke duration and segmentation when performing under closed-loop conditions.
    • MS patients' handwriting movements were comparable in speed and fluency to controls when operating under open-loop conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support the hypothesis that motor deficits in MS patients' handwriting are linked to an inadequate application of closed-loop motor control.
    • Open-loop conditions normalized handwriting performance in MS patients, suggesting a strategy-based deficit rather than a fundamental motor impairment.