[Ethical aspects of human lactation and breastfeeding]

Breastfeeding has experienced a surge in Puerto Rico thanks to the efforts of many women, as well as governmental, non-governmental and private organizations. Among the aspects which can affect the initiation, establishment and maintenance of successful breastfeeding one finds potential ethical conflicts among health professionals as well as the financial interests of the companies which produce and market artificial milks. These companies dedicate great marketing efforts and enormous sums of money in the sale of their products, in detriment of breastfeeding. The profit motive of these companies is in open contradiction to public health and to breastfeeding promotion. The international community has carried out efforts for more than two decades in the creation of structures which protect the rights of women and their children to ideal nutrition practices, free from commercial pressures, through breastfeeding. Possible ethical conflicts related to the new industry of breastfeeding paraphernalia are discussed, especially when these are marketed exclusively for profit. Recommendations are presented for health professionals in order for them to be able to face and respond to the unethical strategies practiced by the manufacturers of artificial milks in utilizing these professionals for legitimating and marketing their products.