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Related Experiment Videos

The fluoroquinolones.

R C Walker1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|August 5, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quinolones are synthetic antibiotics with a unique action. Newer generations offer broader activity, but increasing resistance necessitates careful use.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Quinolones are synthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial agents with a novel mechanism of action.
  • Extensive development has optimized their antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetics, and safety profiles.
  • Early quinolones had limited spectrum (genitourinary/gastrointestinal tracts, aerobic gram-negative bacteria).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolving role and applications of quinolone antibiotics.
  • To highlight differences in newer quinolone agents and their clinical utility.
  • To address the emerging challenge of quinolone resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of quinolone development and clinical applications.
  • Analysis of spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetic properties, and safety data.

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  • Examination of emerging resistance patterns and their implications.

    • Main Results:

    • Newer quinolones exhibit broader spectrum, including potential for community-acquired pneumonia and intra-abdominal infections.
    • Ciprofloxacin is noted for potent activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
    • Significant inter-agent variability exists in renal/hepatic elimination and dosing.
    • Despite numerous FDA-approved indications, quinolones are first-line for few infections.
    • Increasing identification of quinolone-resistant bacteria is a significant concern.

    Conclusions:

    • Quinolones represent a vital class of synthetic antibacterials with evolving applications.
    • Understanding pharmacokinetic differences and resistance patterns is crucial for optimal clinical use.
    • The rise of quinolone resistance underscores the need for judicious antibiotic stewardship.