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Technology of mammalian cell encapsulation
H Uludag1, P De Vos, P A Tresco
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, AB T6G 2G3, Edmonton, Canada. hasan.uludag@ualberta.ca
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|August 16, 2000
Summary
Cell encapsulation, a technique isolating cells in membranes, has evolved from a research tool to a promising therapeutic strategy for tissue transplantation. This review covers various encapsulation methods and performance evaluation techniques.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Cell Biology
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Cell encapsulation, utilizing physical membranes, originated in the 1950s for basic research.
- The technology has advanced significantly, driven by its therapeutic potential in tissue transplantation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review diverse cell encapsulation techniques, including microencapsulation and macroencapsulation.
- To summarize methods for evaluating the performance of encapsulated cells.
- To discuss future directions in cell encapsulation research and device development.
Main Methods:
- Microencapsulation techniques: polyelectrolyte complexation (alginate-polylysine), thermoreversible gelation (agarose), interfacial precipitation, and polymerization.
- Macroencapsulation technologies: flat sheet and hollow fiber membranes.
- Evaluation of critical aspects: capsule permeability, mechanical properties, immune protection, and biocompatibility.
Main Results:
- Detailed overview of established and emerging cell encapsulation methodologies.
- Identification of key performance metrics for successful cell encapsulation.
- Synthesis of evaluation methods for assessing capsule integrity and cellular function.
Conclusions:
- Cell encapsulation offers a viable approach for cell-based therapies by providing physical isolation and controlled permeability.
- Further research into advanced encapsulation materials and device engineering is crucial for clinical translation.
- Optimizing capsule properties is essential for immune evasion and long-term viability of encapsulated cells.