[Carcinomatous degeneration of augmentation enterocystoplasty]

Augmentation enterocystoplasties are performed increasingly frequently and their indications are no longer exclusively limited to small tuberculous bladders. One of the most serious complications of these procedures is malignant transformation, as reported in the present case. Carcinomatous degeneration is uncommon and usually occurs more than ten years after enterocystoplasty. Patients treated by this operation must be submitted to annual cystoscopy combined with guided biopsies at the slightest doubt. This surveillance should be started between the 5th and the 10th postoperative year.