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Related Experiment Videos

Do semiclassical zero temperature black holes exist?

P R Anderson1, W A Hiscock, B E Taylor

  • 1Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA. anderson@wfu.edu

Physical Review Letters
|September 8, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Macroscopic, zero-temperature black hole solutions do not exist under quantum field perturbations. Any static solutions must be microscopic and isolated, not smoothly connecting to classical black holes.

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical physics
  • Quantum field theory
  • General relativity

Background:

  • Reissner-Nordström black holes are solutions to Einstein's equations that include electric charge.
  • Quantum field theory describes fundamental particles and forces.
  • Semiclassical gravity combines general relativity with quantum field theory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence of static, zero-temperature black hole solutions in a semiclassical gravity framework.
  • To analyze the impact of quantum vacuum energy on black hole solutions.
  • To determine if macroscopic black hole solutions persist under quantum effects.

Main Methods:

  • Solving the semiclassical Einstein equations to first order in epsilon (Planck's constant over M-squared).
  • Considering perturbations from vacuum stress energy of quantized free fields.
  • Analyzing massless and massive fields with spins 0, 1/2, and 1.

Main Results:

  • Macroscopic, zero-temperature black hole solutions are shown not to exist in physically realistic scenarios.
  • Any static, zero-temperature semiclassical black hole solutions are necessarily microscopic.
  • These microscopic solutions are isolated and do not smoothly connect to classical solutions as epsilon approaches zero.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum vacuum energy fundamentally alters black hole solutions.
  • The classical picture of a smooth transition to extreme Reissner-Nordström solutions breaks down at the quantum level.
  • Zero-temperature black holes, if they exist semiclassically, must be fundamentally different from their classical counterparts.