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Herpes serology for dermatologists.

B D Goldman1

  • 1NYU Downtown Hospital, New York, NY 10038, USA. Bgjagold@aol.com

Archives of Dermatology
|September 15, 2000
PubMed
Summary

New serologic tests for herpes simplex virus (HSV) offer reliable diagnosis for genital herpes. These tests help identify previously unrecognized or subclinical HSV-2 infections, improving patient awareness and management.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Traditional herpes simplex virus (HSV) serologic tests have limitations in diagnosing genital herpes.
  • Viral culture and older enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) underestimate infection prevalence due to issues with sensitivity, specificity, and patient presentation.
  • The Western blot analysis, while an epidemiological standard, is costly and not widely accessible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role and impact of newly available, reliable serologic tests for herpes simplex virus (HSV) antibodies.
  • To improve the diagnosis and management of genital herpes by distinguishing between HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections.
  • To address the underdiagnosis of HSV infections, particularly in patients with unrecognized or subclinical symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized newly available commercial serologic tests designed to detect antibodies specific to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2).
  • Compared the performance of these new tests against traditional diagnostic methods like viral culture and Western blot analysis.
  • Assessed the convenience and reliability of the new serologic assays for clinical use.

Main Results:

  • Newly available serologic tests provide reliable and convenient detection of antibodies distinguishing between HSV-1 and HSV-2.
  • These advanced tests can identify individuals with seropositivity for HSV-2 who were previously unaware of their infection due to unrecognized or subclinical symptoms.
  • The improved diagnostic capability addresses the underestimation of HSV infection rates associated with older methods.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advancements in serologic testing offer a significant improvement for diagnosing herpes simplex virus infections, particularly genital herpes.
  • The availability of reliable tests that differentiate between HSV-1 and HSV-2 is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of the majority of infected individuals.
  • These new tools facilitate better identification of asymptomatic or subclinical cases, enhancing public health strategies for genital herpes.

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