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Related Experiment Videos

New flow dissipation mechanisms in superfluid 3He.

R W Simmonds1, A Marchenkov, S Vitale

  • 1Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 16, 2000
PubMed
Summary

We observed large dissipative currents in superfluid helium-3 B-phase (3He-B) flowing through small openings. These currents result from quasiparticle creation and texture precession within the aperture.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Fluids
  • Superfluidity

Background:

  • Superfluid helium-3 (3He) exhibits complex quantum phenomena.
  • Understanding flow dynamics in confined geometries is crucial for quantum fluid research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the flow of superfluid 3He-B through small apertures.
  • Identify and characterize the mechanisms responsible for observed dissipative currents.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of superfluid 3He-B.
  • Forcing the superfluid through precisely engineered small apertures.
  • Analysis of dissipative current generation.

Main Results:

  • Observed unexpectedly large dissipative currents.

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  • Identified two independent contributing processes.
  • Quasiparticle creation and acceleration within the aperture.
  • Dissipative precession of order parameter texture.

    • Conclusions:

    • The dissipative currents in superfluid 3He-B flow are well-explained by two distinct mechanisms.
    • Theoretical estimates for both quasiparticle creation and texture precession align with experimental data.