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Stacking and discontinuous buffers in capillary zone electrophoresis.

Z K Shihabi1

  • 1Pathology Department, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. zshihabi@wfubmc.edu

Electrophoresis
|September 23, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Discontinuous buffers simplify capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) stacking under relaxed conditions. This method enhances sample preconcentration by modifying the sample and using low-conductivity buffers, similar to transient isotachophoresis.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) typically requires rigid buffer conditions for effective analyte stacking.
  • Isotachophoresis (ITP) is a technique for analyte stacking but often involves more complex procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the utility of discontinuous buffers for analyte stacking in CZE under less stringent conditions.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of stacking using discontinuous buffers in CZE.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of discontinuous buffers by modifying sample pH, conductivity, and ionic composition.
  • Utilizing zwitterionic and organic-based buffers like Tris and triethanolamine for their low conductivity.
  • Injecting large sample volumes onto the capillary.

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Main Results:

  • Discontinuous buffers allow for effective analyte stacking in CZE with simplified procedures.
  • Low-conductivity buffers, particularly zwitterionic and organic-based ones, are well-suited for this stacking approach.
  • A mechanism explaining various stacking phenomena in CZE based on discontinuous buffers was proposed.

Conclusions:

  • Discontinuous buffers offer a flexible and effective strategy for analyte preconcentration in CZE.
  • The described method provides a simpler alternative to ITP for stacking in CZE.
  • The findings highlight similarities between discontinuous buffer CZE stacking and transient isotachophoresis.