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Vortex formation in a stirred bose-einstein condensate

Madison1, Chevy, Wohlleben

  • 1Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Departement de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.

Physical Review Letters
|October 4, 2000
PubMed
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Researchers used a laser to stir a Bose-Einstein condensate, creating vortices. They observed up to four vortices and measured their lifetime after stirring stopped.

Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Quantum Gases

Background:

  • Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are quantum states of matter.
  • Vortices in BECs are topological defects with quantized circulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate vortex formation in a Bose-Einstein condensate using laser stirring.
  • To characterize the dynamics and stability of vortices in a trapped condensate.

Main Methods:

  • Confining a Bose-Einstein condensate of Rubidium-87 (87Rb) atoms in a magnetic trap.
  • Employing a focused laser beam to stir the condensate and induce rotation.
  • Observing vortex formation and counting multiple vortices at different rotation frequencies.

Main Results:

  • A critical stirring frequency was identified for vortex nucleation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Stable states with up to four coexisting vortices were created.
  • The lifetime of a single vortex state was measured after cessation of stirring.

    • Conclusions:

    • Laser stirring is an effective method for creating and controlling vortices in BECs.
    • The study provides insights into the behavior of quantized vortices in superfluids.
    • Measurements of vortex lifetime contribute to understanding dissipation mechanisms in quantum gases.