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Mandibular helical axis pathways during mastication.

L M Gallo1, K Fushima, S Palla

  • 1Clinic for Masticatory Disorders and Complete Dentures, Center for Oral Medicine, Dental and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Zürich, Switzerland, luigi@zui.unizh.ch

Journal of Dental Research
|October 7, 2000
PubMed
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The helical axis analysis provides a clear description of jaw movement during chewing. This method revealed significant changes in the helical axis during jaw closing compared to opening.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Craniofacial Kinesiology
  • Dental Mechanics

Background:

  • Condylar trajectories are commonly used to study mandibular movements but can be misinterpreted due to reference point dependency.
  • Helical axis analysis offers an unambiguous method for describing rigid body kinematics, making it suitable for complex biological movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the mandibular helical axis during mastication using an opto-electronic system.
  • To compare the helical axis behavior during the opening and closing phases of unilateral mastication.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Jaws-3D opto-electronic system to record mandibular movements in seven subjects with Class I occlusion during unilateral mastication.
  • Computed the helical axis every 14 ms with a 1° rotation threshold, calculating parameters of its spatial orientation and position relative to condyles.

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Main Results:

  • The helical axis exhibited more pronounced changes in orientation and position during jaw closing than opening.
  • Significant orientation variation was observed from the beginning to the end of jaw closing, but not during opening.
  • The distance between the helical axis and the reference condylar point varied significantly on the working side compared to the balancing side.

Conclusions:

  • The helical axis continuously changes its position and orientation throughout the masticatory cycle.
  • The balancing condyle translates backward during closing, while the working condyle primarily rotates, as indicated by the helical axis pathway.
  • Helical axis analysis provides a more precise understanding of mandibular kinematics during mastication than traditional trajectory methods.