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[Salmonellosis in 1998]
1Państwowy Zakład Higieny, Warszawa.
Abstract:
Gradual decrease of salmonellosis is observed in Poland since 1988. In 1998, 26,739 cases of salmonellosis were noted, incidence rate = 69.2 per 100,000 population. Above 80% of cases were laboratory confirmed by isolation Salmonella strains (57 serotypes). Laboratory-based surveillance led to the identification 82 serotypes among examined persons; the most frequent serotype was Enteritidis: 90% of cases and 70% of Salmonella infected healthy persons. Serotypes: Typhimurium, Virchow, Hadar and Infantis caused 6% Salmonella infections. Nearly 53% of patients were hospitalized. Like in the previous years, the most affected age group were children under five (361/100,000). The extraintestinal Salmonella infections were observed in 64 patients for whom at least 1 nonfecal specimen was culture-positive for non-typhoidal Salmonella. Twenty eight patients had positive blood cultures (26--Enteritidis, 2--Typhimurium). The other positive specimens included subdural fluid (3), pleural fluid (3), joint fluid (2), urine (11) and pus (15). Half of the patients had immunocompromising conditions. Other diseases contributed to infection, especially in older patients, who had hematologic and nonhematologic malignancy, lupus erythematosus, diabetes, cirrhosis. There were 11 deaths (17%).
Insights
Salmonellosis incidence decreased in Poland, with Salmonella Enteritidis dominating cases in 1998. Extraintestinal infections and hospitalizations were significant, particularly in young children and immunocompromised individuals.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Context:
- Salmonellosis surveillance in Poland from 1988 to 1998.
- Analysis of laboratory-confirmed cases and serotype distribution.
- Focus on the 1998 epidemiological data.
Purpose:
- To report the incidence and characteristics of salmonellosis in Poland in 1998.
- To identify the most prevalent Salmonella serotypes.
- To describe patient demographics, hospitalization rates, and outcomes, including extraintestinal infections.
Summary:
- In 1998, Poland recorded 26,739 salmonellosis cases (69.2/100,000 population), with a gradual decrease observed since 1988.
- Salmonella Enteritidis was the predominant serotype (90% of cases), followed by Typhimurium, Virchow, Hadar, and Infantis (6%).
- Extraintestinal infections occurred in 64 patients, often associated with immunocompromising conditions or other underlying diseases, leading to 11 deaths (17%).
Impact:
- Highlights the continued public health burden of salmonellosis, despite a decreasing trend.
- Underscores the importance of laboratory-based surveillance for identifying prevalent serotypes and monitoring disease patterns.
- Provides data on risk factors for severe disease, including extraintestinal infections and mortality, informing targeted interventions.