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T lymphocytes in asthma: bronchial versus peripheral responses
S R Durham1, S J Till, C J Corrigan
1Imperial College School of Medicine, London, United Kingom.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|November 18, 2000
Summary
T helper 2 (T(H)2) cells and their cytokines are key players in asthma, driving inflammation and eosinophilia. Targeting these T lymphocytes offers potential therapeutic strategies for managing asthma severity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Allergy Research
Background:
- Asthma involves T helper 2 (T(H)2) cell activation and cytokine production (IL-4, IL-5).
- This leads to eosinophilia and mast-cell activation in asthmatic airways.
- T(H)2 cell activation is specific to asthma and correlates with disease severity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of T(H)2 lymphocytes in bronchial asthma.
- To explore the correlation between T(H)2 cell markers and asthma severity.
- To delineate potential therapeutic strategies targeting T-lymphocyte responses.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of T(H)2 cell recruitment and activation in peripheral blood and bronchial mucosa.
- Measurement of T(H)2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5).
- Correlation analysis between CD25(+)/CD4(+) cells and peak expiratory flow rates.
Main Results:
- Evidence of T(H)2 cell activation and cytokine generation in asthmatic patients.
- Local tissue eosinophilia and IgE-dependent mast-cell activation observed.
- Inverse correlation found between CD25(+)/CD4(+) cells and peak expiratory flow rates, indicating disease severity.
Conclusions:
- T-lymphocyte responses are fundamentally important in bronchial asthma.
- Therapeutic strategies could involve broad immunosuppression or selective targeting of CD4(+) T lymphocytes.
- Peripheral blood changes may reflect local T-lymphocyte responses, supporting topical treatments, while systemic manifestations suggest systemic approaches.
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