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Ionophore use and toxicosis in cattle.

J O Hall1

  • 1Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, USA. jhall@cc.usu.edu

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
|November 21, 2000
PubMed
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Ionophore antibiotics, used as coccidiostats and growth promotants, can cause poisoning in animals due to damage to excitable tissues. Feed mixing errors are a common cause, necessitating feed removal and testing for excessive exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Toxicology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Ionophores are a growing class of antibiotics from Actinomycetales bacteria.
  • Their use as coccidiostats and growth promotants can lead to animal toxicoses.
  • Poisoning affects excitable tissues like cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle, as well as the nervous system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical and pathological effects of ionophore poisoning.
  • To highlight the link between feed mixing errors and ionophore toxicoses.
  • To provide guidance for practitioners on managing ionophore-related poisoning incidents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and pathological findings in ionophore toxicosis.
  • Analysis of the bioactivity of ionophores on excitable tissues.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Identification of common causes and diagnostic approaches for ionophore poisoning.

    • Main Results:

    • Ionophore poisoning causes damage to cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle, and the nervous system.
    • Errors in feed mixing are frequently implicated in ionophore toxicoses.
    • Clinical signs are related to the disruption of ion transport across cell membranes.

    Conclusions:

    • Ionophore antibiotics pose a significant toxicological risk in veterinary medicine.
    • Accurate feed formulation and testing are crucial to prevent ionophore poisoning.
    • Prompt removal of contaminated feed and diagnostic testing are essential for managing affected animals.