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Hawking radiation As tunneling

Parikh1, Wilczek

  • 1Joseph Henry Laboratories, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 and Spinoza Institute, University of Utrecht, 3584 CE Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters
|December 2, 2000
PubMed
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Hawking radiation is derived as a quantum tunneling process. This method respects conservation laws, leading to a non-thermal particle emission spectrum, unlike spontaneous emission from charged conductors.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Field Theory
  • General Relativity
  • Black Hole Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Hawking radiation describes black hole particle emission.
  • Previous derivations often involve complex calculations.
  • Understanding the precise spectrum is crucial for black hole physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a simplified derivation of Hawking radiation.
  • To interpret Hawking radiation as a quantum tunneling process.
  • To analyze the particle emission spectrum's thermal properties.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of Hawking radiation using action principle in dynamical geometry.
  • Calculation of the imaginary part of the action for tunneling.
  • Application of conservation laws to the emission process.

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Main Results:

  • Hawking radiation is shown to be a tunneling phenomenon.
  • The imaginary action is linked to the Boltzmann factor at Hawking temperature.
  • The derived spectrum is not perfectly thermal due to conserved quantities.

Conclusions:

  • The tunneling derivation offers a direct approach to Hawking radiation.
  • Conservation laws modify the spectrum, deviating from a purely thermal distribution.
  • This framework provides insights comparable to spontaneous emission in conductors.