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Neurocognitive function in antisocial personality disorder.

W M Dinn1, C L Harris

  • 1Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA. dinn@bu.edu

Psychiatry Research
|February 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Antisocial personality disorder (APD) is linked to orbitofrontal dysfunction and reduced emotional response, but not general executive function deficits. Psychopathic traits correlate with lower conscientiousness and guilt.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Prefrontal cortex dysfunction is increasingly linked to psychopathic traits and antisocial behavior.
  • However, research on executive function in individuals with antisocial personality disorder (APD) yields conflicting results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neuropsychological deficits and electrodermal activity in individuals with APD and psychopathic features.
  • To examine performance on measures sensitive to orbitofrontal dysfunction and classical executive functions.

Main Methods:

  • Administered neuropsychological tests and personality/clinical scales to APD subjects and matched controls.
  • Monitored electrodermal activity during emotionally charged stimuli presentation.
  • Conducted clinical assessments of personality traits.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • APD subjects exhibited greater deficits in orbitofrontal-sensitive tasks compared to controls.
  • APD subjects showed electrodermal hyporesponsiveness to aversive stimuli.
  • No performance differences were found on classical frontal executive function tests.

Conclusions:

  • Orbitofrontal dysfunction is associated with APD and psychopathic traits.
  • Individuals with APD display reduced emotional responsivity and altered personality profiles (less guilt, more uninhibited).
  • Executive function deficits are not a universal characteristic of APD.