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Updated: Aug 4, 2026

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)-Based Rapid Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: July 28, 2023
Antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori
L C Mollison1, N Stingemore, R A Wake
1Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia. lindsay.mollison@health.wa.gov.au
Objective:
To describe antibiotic resistance patterns in Helicobacter pylori.
Design:
Culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing of antral and gastric body biopsy samples from patients having gastroscopy.
Participants:
Consecutive consenting patients aged 18 years or more presenting for gastroscopy from 1 July 1998 to 30 June 1999.
Setting:
An open-access gastroscopy service at an urban university tertiary hospital.
Main Outcome Measures:
Number of H. pylori isolates showing resistance to antibiotics; correlates of such resistance with demographic and clinical information.
Results:
Of 1580 patients undergoing endoscopy, 434 agreed to participate in the study. 108 (24.9%) had positive cultures for H. pylori, and 88 of these isolates (81%) were available for further testing. Resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin was detected in 36% and 11%, respectively. No resistance was found to tetracycline or amoxycillin. Metronidazole resistance was commoner in younger patients (P = 0.0004) and macrolide resistance was commoner in those born outside Australia or New Zealand (P = 0.03).
Conclusions:
We found substantial resistance to metronidazole, and emerging clarithromycin resistance, but complete susceptibility to amoxycillin, tetracycline, gentamicin and cefaclor. These factors may influence the effectiveness of presently recommended eradication regimens.
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