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[Immunity in listeriosis]
A D Sereda1, V M Kotliarov, A A Vorob'ev
1Research Institute of Veterinary Virology and Microbiology, Pokrov.
Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii I Immunobiologii
|February 28, 2001
Summary
Specific immunity to listeriosis relies on the protein listeriolysin O. While effective vaccines are lacking, promising results show potential using killed bacteria, listeriolysin O, or interleukin 12 for listeriosis prophylaxis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Listeriosis is a serious infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes.
- Listeriolysin O is a key virulence factor and target for immune response.
- Current specific prophylaxis for listeriosis is not well-developed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review modern concepts of specific immunity formation against listeriosis.
- To highlight the role of listeriolysin O and immune mediators in Listeria infection.
- To discuss the development of effective vaccines for listeriosis.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing scientific literature on listeriosis immunity.
- Analysis of data on the role of listeriolysin O, gamma-interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 12.
- Evaluation of experimental immunization strategies in animal models.
Main Results:
- Listeriolysin O is crucial for Listeria monocytogenes virulence and inducing specific protection.
- Immune mediators like gamma-interferon, TNF-alpha, and IL-12 are vital for T-cell differentiation (Th1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes).
- Experimental immunization of mice with killed bacteria, listeriolysin O, or interleukin 12 showed promising results.
Conclusions:
- Listeriolysin O and specific immune mediators are central to controlling Listeria monocytogenes infection.
- Development of safe and effective listeriosis vaccines remains a challenge.
- Modified L. monocytogenes strains as vaccine vectors present a promising avenue for future vaccine development.