Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026
06:27
Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells
Published on: May 6, 2013
[Transitory neonatal diabetes]
J Carretero Bellón1, J Moralejo Benítez, R Olivé Vilella
1Unidad de Neonatología, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Juan XXIII, Tarragona. jcarr@tinet.fut.es
Anales Espanoles De Pediatria
|March 29, 2001
Summary
Transitory neonatal diabetes mellitus, a rare condition, can be effectively managed with NPH insulin. Genetic alterations in affected newborns may influence the long-term outlook for this carbohydrate metabolism disorder.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Genetics
- Neonatology
Background:
- Transitory neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a rare metabolic disorder typically presenting within the first six months of life.
- Genetic factors are increasingly recognized as playing a role in the etiology of TNDM.
Observation:
- A case of an asymptomatic newborn with TNDM is presented, diagnosed on the second day of life with hyperglycemia.
- The infant exhibited syndactyly and had a family history of diabetes.
- Initial treatment with regular insulin showed an inconsistent response.
Findings:
- Treatment with NPH insulin demonstrated a better response, allowing for the gradual cessation of regular insulin.
- Genetic analysis revealed a duplication on the long arm of chromosome 6 (46 XX, der(6)dup(q22-q23)).
- Throughout the treatment period, various hormonal and antibody levels remained within normal ranges, and abdominal echography was unremarkable.
Implications:
- NPH insulin may serve as a viable alternative to regular insulin for managing TNDM.
- The presence of specific genetic alterations, such as the observed chromosomal duplication, could potentially impact the prognosis and course of TNDM.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
01:26Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction
Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
01:26Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
01:19Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations
Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...