Examination techniques and interpretation of ophthalmic findings

Before the patient can be properly treated for an ophthalmic condition, the examiner must correctly assess any abnormal ophthalmic findings. This is best accomplished by taking a complete history and by performing a thorough ophthalmic examination. When performing an ophthalmic examination, the examiner must evaluate all areas of the adnexa, globe, and orbit and must be comfortable with ophthalmic examination techniques and interpretation of examination findings. To aid the examiner in this process, ophthalmic examination technique and normal and abnormal ophthalmic findings are discussed.