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Related Concept Videos

What is Evolutionary History?02:35

What is Evolutionary History?

Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.Phylogenetic trees illustrate the evolutionary relationships among these organisms. Scientists infer organisms’ common ancestry by evaluating shared morphological and genetic characteristics. Together, the fossil...
Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral chromosome underwent...
Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
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Teeth01:15

Teeth

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Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...

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Analyzing Craniofacial Morphogenesis in Zebrafish Using 4D Confocal Microscopy
09:16

Analyzing Craniofacial Morphogenesis in Zebrafish Using 4D Confocal Microscopy

Published on: January 30, 2014

Developmental genetics and early hominid craniodental evolution.

M A McCollum1, P T Sharpe

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|June 1, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Understanding early hominid dental evolution requires exploring tooth development. Recent mouse studies reveal genes controlling tooth patterns, linking dental and craniofacial development for evolutionary insights.

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Published on: August 22, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Paleoanthropology

Background:

  • Dental morphology is crucial for understanding early hominid phylogeny.
  • Limited knowledge exists regarding the developmental basis of dental variations in hominids.
  • Traditional cladistic studies often analyze skull and dentition features separately.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental underpinnings of dental variations in early hominids.
  • To explore the genetic control of tooth development and its evolutionary implications.
  • To highlight the interconnectedness of dental, jaw, and cranial development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent experimental studies on tooth development in mice.
  • Analysis of gene functions in dental patterning and tooth specification.
  • Comparative analysis of developmental links between dentition and craniofacial structures.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key genes involved in dental patterning and tooth specification.
  • Demonstration of strong developmental links between teeth, jaws, and cranium.
  • New insights into the developmental basis of occlusal morphology and dental proportions.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic factors significantly influence dental morphology, impacting evolutionary studies.
  • The developmental integration of teeth, jaws, and cranium has implications for phylogenetic analyses.
  • Further research into developmental genetics can illuminate hominid evolutionary history.