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Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...

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Tissue Determination Using the Animal Cap Transplant (ACT) Assay in Xenopus laevis

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Tantalus, a novel ASX-interacting protein with tissue-specific functions.

B H Dietrich¹, J Moore, M Kyba

¹Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Charles H. Best Institute, 112 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L6, Canada.

Developmental Biology

|June 9, 2001

Summary

Tantalus (TAN) is a novel protein interacting with Additional sex combs (ASX). TAN acts as a tissue-specific cofactor for ASX, influencing gene regulation, with its activity potentially controlled by subcellular localization.

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Area of Science:

Developmental biology
Genetics
Molecular biology

Background:

Trithorax- (trxG) and Polycomb-group (PcG) proteins regulate gene transcription.
Additional sex combs (ASX) is involved in both trxG and PcG complexes but has restricted target gene effects.

Purpose of the Study:

Identify novel proteins interacting with ASX.
Characterize the function of Tantalus (TAN) as a potential tissue-specific cofactor for ASX.

Main Methods:

Yeast two-hybrid screening to identify ASX-interacting proteins.
In vitro DNA binding assays.
Analysis of TAN subcellular localization in different tissues.
Polytene chromosome mapping of TAN binding sites.
Genetic analysis of tan mutant phenotypes and interactions with Asx.

Main Results:

A novel protein, Tantalus (TAN), was identified as an ASX-interacting protein.
TAN contains nuclear localization signals and binds DNA.
TAN exhibits tissue-specific subcellular localization, predominantly nuclear in salivary glands.
TAN associates with 66 euchromatic sites in salivary glands, overlapping with ASX at many loci, but distinct from homeotic gene targets.
tan mutant defects are specific to sensory organs and are genetically enhanced by Asx.

Conclusions:

TAN functions as a tissue-specific cofactor for ASX.
TAN's activity may be regulated by its subcellular trafficking.
TAN and ASX cooperate in regulating specific developmental processes, particularly in sensory organs.