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Related Experiment Videos

[Travelers' diarrhea].

K Markwalder1

  • 1tropi.mark.zh@bluewin.ch

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique
|July 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Travelers diarrhea, often caused by bacteria like E. coli, affects over 50% of visitors to tropical regions. While antibiotics can shorten illness, their use is restricted due to side effects and resistance concerns.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Travel Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Context:

  • Travelers' diarrhea is a prevalent health issue, impacting over 50% of individuals visiting tropical destinations.
  • Bacterial pathogens, notably enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, are the primary cause of acute travelers' diarrhea.
  • Protozoal infections and post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome contribute to prolonged gastrointestinal issues in returning travelers.

Purpose:

  • To review the etiology, prevention, and treatment of travelers' diarrhea.
  • To discuss the efficacy and limitations of various preventive and therapeutic strategies.
  • To provide guidance on antibiotic use and management of febrile diarrhea.

Summary:

  • Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is a frequent cause of travelers' diarrhea within the first three weeks of travel.

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  • Prevention strategies like 'cook it, boil it, peel it, or avoid it' are challenging to implement.
  • Antibiotics offer short-term prevention and treatment but require cautious use due to adverse effects and resistance.
  • Probiotics have yielded conflicting results for both prevention and treatment.
  • Fluid replacement is crucial for treatment but does not shorten illness duration.
  • Antibiotics, particularly fluoroquinolones, are effective in reducing illness duration, especially when combined with loperamide (contraindicated in children).
  • Azithromycin and cotrimoxazole are alternatives for pediatric use.
  • Antibiotic administration should be limited to severe cases, such as acute febrile dysentery or violent diarrhea.
  • Malaria must be considered in cases of febrile diarrhea in at-risk travelers.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the challenges in preventing travelers' diarrhea and the need for judicious antibiotic use.
    • Emphasizes the importance of fluid replacement and appropriate antibiotic selection for treatment.
    • Underscores the necessity of considering differential diagnoses like malaria in febrile diarrhea cases.