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AAA+ superfamily ATPases: common structure--diverse function.

T Ogura1, A J Wilkinson

  • 1Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan. ogura@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp

Genes to Cells : Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms
|July 28, 2001
PubMed
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AAA+ ATPases are essential proteins found in all organisms. These ring-shaped molecular machines act as chaperones, disrupting molecular structures to facilitate cellular processes like DNA replication and protein breakdown.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • AAA+ ATPases are a superfamily of proteins characterized by a conserved ATPase module.
  • They are ubiquitous, found across all kingdoms of life, and involved in fundamental cellular processes.
  • Recent structural insights reveal their common assembly into ring-shaped oligomers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structural basis and functional mechanisms of AAA+ ATPases.
  • To highlight their role as molecular chaperones.
  • To compare AAA+ ATPases with other ring-shaped ATPases.

Main Methods:

  • Structural studies (e.g., X-ray crystallography, cryo-EM) to determine oligomeric states.
  • Biochemical assays to assess ATPase activity and functional mechanisms.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative sequence and structural analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • AAA+ ATPases predominantly form ring-shaped oligomers essential for their function.
    • These complexes exhibit diverse mechanisms involving the disruption of molecular structures.
    • Functions include protein unfolding, complex disassembly, DNA unwinding, and DNA-protein complex modulation.
    • AAA+ proteins function as a novel class of molecular chaperones.

    Conclusions:

    • The ring-shaped oligomeric structure is critical for the diverse functions of AAA+ ATPases.
    • AAA+ proteins represent a significant class of molecular chaperones with broad cellular roles.
    • Understanding AAA+ ATPases provides insights into conserved mechanisms across different ATPase families.