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Urinary tract infections during pregnancy.

L C Gilstrap¹, S M Ramin

¹Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America

|August 22, 2001

Summary

Screening pregnant women for asymptomatic bacteriuria at the first prenatal visit is crucial. Untreated bacteriuria can lead to serious complications like acute pyelonephritis in up to 25% of cases.

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Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Infectious Diseases
Nephrology

Background:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common during pregnancy.
Untreated UTIs pose risks to both mother and fetus.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a significant concern in prenatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

To emphasize the importance of screening for bacteriuria in pregnant women.
To highlight the potential complications of untreated bacteriuria during pregnancy.
To recommend early detection and management of UTIs in prenatal patients.

Main Methods:

The study reviews the prevalence and consequences of UTIs in pregnancy.
It synthesizes current recommendations for screening and treatment.
The authors discuss potential maternal and fetal morbidities associated with UTIs.

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Main Results:

Asymptomatic bacteriuria is present in a notable percentage of pregnant women.
Failure to treat bacteriuria can result in acute pyelonephritis in up to 25% of cases.
Complications of pyelonephritis include preterm labor, renal failure, ARDS, sepsis, and shock.

Conclusions:

Universal screening for bacteriuria at the first prenatal visit is recommended.
Prompt treatment of bacteriuria is essential to prevent severe maternal and fetal outcomes.
Close follow-up is necessary due to a recurrence rate of up to one-third in treated women.