Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption

Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption

The process of oral drug absorption can be influenced by several factors. Weakly acidic drugs tend to be absorbed more readily from the stomach due to their nonionized state. However, absorption may be less efficient in the upper intestine, where drugs are often ionized. Interestingly, despite the stomach's apparent advantage for drug absorption, its mucous layer can hinder diffusion. Its surface area is also smaller than the intestine's, which can further slow down the absorption rate.

Absorption of Radiation

Absorption of Radiation

The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:

Protein Absorption

Protein Absorption

Proteins in the gastrointestinal tract typically come from food, but they can also originate from disintegrated cells or secreted enzymes. In the stomach, the enzyme pepsin breaks down these proteins into polypeptides. The fragments then move into the duodenum as a semi-fluid mass called chyme. Pancreatic proteases, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, and intestinal brush border enzymes like carboxypeptidases further dismantle the polypeptides into tripeptides, dipeptides, and free amino acids.

Lipid Absorption

Lipid Absorption

Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...

Carbohydrate Absorption

Carbohydrate Absorption

Carbohydrates are essential macronutrients that serve as the body's primary energy source. Their digestion begins in the mouth, where salivary amylase partially breaks down complex carbohydrates such as starch into smaller oligosaccharides. This mechanical and enzymatic activity prepares carbohydrates for further processing in the gastrointestinal tract.
After being swallowed, the partially digested carbohydrates mix with gastric secretions in the stomach. However, the acidic environment...

Absorption of Nutrients

Absorption of Nutrients

Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Influence of chitin nanofibrils ultrasonic treatment on structure and properties of chitosan-based composite materials.

Carbohydrate polymers·2022

Same author

Influence of surface morphology of chitosan films modified by chitin nanofibrils on their biological properties.

Carbohydrate polymers·2021

Same author

Isomorphic and isotopic responses after radiation therapy.

Cancer radiotherapie : journal de la Societe francaise de radiotherapie oncologique·2019

Same author

Mucinous adenocarcinoma in association with hidradenitis suppurativa: a new example of isoscartopic response.

Clinical and experimental dermatology·2017

Same author

When dermoscopy is supported by Tzanck smear.

Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology·2016

Same author

Crohn's disease and skin.

United European gastroenterology journal·2016

Same journal

Letter to the editor in reply to "Ethics of Rising Trends in Dermatology Publications Using Large-Scale Databases".

Clinics in dermatology·2026

Same journal

Ethics of suggesting image-guided superficial radiation therapy on the pathology report.

Clinics in dermatology·2026

Same journal

Tanorexia: The Psychodermatology of Compulsive Tanning.

Clinics in dermatology·2026

Same journal

Ear manifestations of connective tissue diseases: A dermatologic, histopathologic, and clinicopathologic review.

Clinics in dermatology·2026

Same journal

Discovery of an intravenous drug injection site: A meticulous cutaneous examination provides the forensic dermatologic clue to a diagnosis of homicide.

Clinics in dermatology·2026

Same journal

Sherlock Holmes and the mystery of the deadly diet.

Clinics in dermatology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

Published on: September 13, 2022

Percutaneous absorption and delivery systems

P Morganti¹, E Ruocco, R Wolf

¹Mavi sud s.r.l., (LT), Aprilia, Italy. morgantip@libero.it

Clinics in Dermatology

|September 6, 2001

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

More Related Videos

Percutaneous Contrast Echocardiography-guided Intramyocardial Injection and Cell Delivery in a Large Preclinical Model

Percutaneous Contrast Echocardiography-guided Intramyocardial Injection and Cell Delivery in a Large Preclinical Model

Published on: January 21, 2018

Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers

Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers

Published on: October 17, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

Published on: September 13, 2022

Percutaneous Contrast Echocardiography-guided Intramyocardial Injection and Cell Delivery in a Large Preclinical Model

Percutaneous Contrast Echocardiography-guided Intramyocardial Injection and Cell Delivery in a Large Preclinical Model

Published on: January 21, 2018

Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers

Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers

Published on: October 17, 2013