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System issues for Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems
J N Eisenberg1, C W Pawlowski, D R Maszle
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
Life Support & Biosphere Science : International Journal of Earth Space
|April 1, 1995
Summary
Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS) differ from engineered systems due to biological variability and a focus on survival. Research must address complex dynamics and unique controller designs for effective CELSS operation.
Area of Science:
- Systems Engineering
- Ecological Engineering
- Control Theory
Background:
- Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS) present unique engineering challenges compared to traditional systems.
- Key distinguishing features include inherent biological variability, limited data, and a closed-loop ecological structure.
- The primary objective of CELSS is maximizing the probability of crew survival.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the distinct characteristics of CELSS.
- To identify the consequences of these characteristics on system dynamics and control.
- To propose future research directions in systems and control for CELSS.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of CELSS characteristics: uncertainty, ecological nature, and survival criterion.
- Identification of resulting system dynamics and control challenges.
- Review of existing systems and control research areas.
Main Results:
- CELSS exhibit complex dynamics across diverse timescales (milliseconds to months).
- Mathematical modeling and predictability are significantly challenged by system variability.
- A unique controller design is necessary to translate survivability requirements into actuator commands.
Conclusions:
- Future research in systems and control must adopt an ecological perspective for CELSS.
- Addressing the unique dynamical characteristics of CELSS is crucial for advancing life support technology.
- Integrating biological and engineering principles is essential for robust CELSS design.