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Planetary protection considerations for MarsNet and Mars sample return missions.

C Lindberg1, G Horneck

  • 1DLR, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Biophysics Division, Köln, Germany.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
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The MarsNet mission requires planetary protection guidelines to prevent forward contamination. Research on microorganism survival in simulated Martian conditions is essential for future exploration and sample return missions.

Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Astrobiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • The European Space Agency's MarsNet mission proposes a network of Mars landers.
  • Planetary protection requirements are crucial for this network, focusing on forward contamination.
  • Future European exploration, including sample returns, necessitates addressing back contamination concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define planetary protection requirements for the MarsNet mission.
  • To establish guidelines for forward and back contamination.
  • To conduct a cost-benefit analysis for scientific exploration.

Main Methods:

  • Developing flexible planetary protection guidelines through an interdisciplinary expert board.
  • Conducting experiments on microorganism survival under simulated Martian surface and subsurface conditions.

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Main Results:

  • Baseline data collection on microbial survival is needed.
  • Guidelines must be adaptable to new research on extremophiles.

Conclusions:

  • Establishing robust planetary protection protocols is vital for Mars exploration.
  • Research into microbial adaptation to Martian conditions will inform future guidelines.
  • Balancing scientific objectives with mission costs is a key consideration.