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[Respiratory function tests in aspirin-induced asthma].

F Machado Carrillo1, M Orea Solano, J Gómez Vera

  • 1Hospital Regional Lic. Adolfo López Mateos, ISSSTE Av. Universidad 1321-Colonia Florida 01039 México, DF.

Revista Alergia Mexico (Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico : 1993)
|September 18, 2001
PubMed
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Aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) diagnosis is confirmed by a 15% decrease in FEV-1 after a challenge test. The severity of FEV-1 decrease correlates with aspirin dosage in AIA patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) is a distinct clinical syndrome characterized by reactions to aspirin and NSAIDs.
  • Identifying AIA is crucial for patient management and preventing adverse reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility and complications of challenge and bronchodilator tests in patients with AIA.
  • To compare the response to aspirin challenge in patients with AIA versus those with extrinsic asthma.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, open-label study involving 20 patients with asthma, divided into two groups: AIA and extrinsic asthma.
  • Diagnostic criteria for AIA included a 15% decrease in FEV-1 post-challenge.
  • Tests included physical exams, lab work, imaging, skin tests, and spirometry.

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Main Results:

  • Patients with AIA showed a statistically significant decrease in FEV-1 and FEF 25-75 (p < 0.05) after aspirin challenge.
  • Seven patients with extrinsic asthma demonstrated a significant FEV-1 increase (>15%, p < 0.05).
  • Common complications included wheezing, dyspnea, cough, and severe bronchospasm; no deaths occurred.

Conclusions:

  • A minimum aspirin dose of 100 mg is effective for AIA diagnosis.
  • The degree of FEV-1 reduction in AIA is dose-dependent.
  • Patients with extrinsic asthma and no aspirin intolerance tolerate aspirin without adverse effects; severe bronchospasm is a risk in AIA patients with idiosyncrasy.