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Related Experiment Videos

"What" and "where" in the human auditory system.

C Alain1, S R Arnott, S Hevenor

  • 1The Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Toronto, ON, Canada M6A 2E1. calain@rotman-baycrest.on.ca

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 27, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals specialized auditory pathways in the brain for sound identification and localization. Using brain imaging, researchers found distinct neural activity patterns for processing pitch versus location.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • The human brain processes auditory information through various pathways.
  • Understanding the specialization of these pathways for different sound features is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether sound identification and sound localization rely on distinct auditory pathways.
  • To explore the neural basis of auditory stream segregation.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were employed.
  • Participants performed pitch identification and sound localization tasks.

Main Results:

  • Pitch processing showed greater activation in the auditory cortex and inferior frontal gyrus.

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  • Sound localization activated posterior temporal cortex, parietal cortex, and the superior frontal sulcus.
  • ERPs indicated differential neural activity in anterior and posterior regions.

    • Conclusions:

    • Converging evidence supports the existence of specialized auditory streams for processing sound features.
    • Findings suggest an auditory 'what' (identification) and 'where' (localization) pathway, analogous to visual processing.