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Quantized vortices in mixed 3He-4He drops.

R Mayol1, M Pi, M Barranco

  • 1Departament ECM, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.

Physical Review Letters
|October 3, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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This study shows that adding helium-3 (3He) to helium-4 (4He) droplets with a vortex line and impurity does not destabilize the system. The impurity remains stable, coated by 4He atoms, even with added 3He.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Fluids
  • Low-Temperature Physics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Quantized vortex lines in superfluid helium droplets are crucial for understanding quantum phenomena.
  • Previous work established the stability of a dopant-vortex-(4)He complex below a critical size.
  • The effect of mixed helium isotopes on this complex was not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural stability of mixed (3)He-(4)He droplets containing a quantized vortex line pinned by an impurity.
  • To determine how the addition of (3)He affects the stability of the dopant-vortex-(4)He system.
  • To calculate the binding energy of the impurity to the vortex line in these mixed droplets.

Main Methods:

  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were employed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Simulations involved mixed (3)He(N3)-(4)He(N4) droplets with embedded Xe or HCN impurities.
  • The distribution of (3)He atoms and the coating of the impurity by (4)He were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • The dopant-vortex-(4)He complex remains energetically stable with the addition of (3)He.
    • (3)He atoms distribute along the vortex line and on the surface of the (4)He droplet.
    • The impurity is predominantly coated by (4)He atoms, indicating robust structural integrity.

    Conclusions:

    • Mixed (3)He-(4)He droplets with pinned vortex lines are stable systems.
    • The presence of (3)He does not disrupt the core dopant-vortex-(4)He structure.
    • The findings provide insights into the behavior of quantum fluids with impurities and mixed isotopes.