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Performance and race in evaluating minority mayors.

S E Howell1

  • 1Department of Political Science, University of New Orleans, 303 Liberal Arts Building, New Orleans LA 70148, USA. sehowell@uno.edu

Public Opinion Quarterly
|October 16, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Citizen approval of Black mayors is influenced by both performance and racial factors. Performance is key, but racial dynamics also play a significant role, especially for white voters.

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Area of Science:

  • Political Science
  • Urban Studies
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Understanding mayoral approval is crucial for assessing the impact of Black executives in urban governance.
  • Previous models often focused on presidential approval, with less attention to local executive performance, particularly concerning race.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the explanatory power of a performance model versus a racial model for Black mayoral approval.
  • To investigate how citizen evaluations of city conditions and mayoral effectiveness, alongside racial identification and racism, influence approval.
  • To examine the generalizability of national performance models to local executive settings with Black leaders.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two survey datasets from citizens in a city with a 20-year history of Black mayors.
  • Tested competing models of mayoral approval, incorporating variables related to performance and racial attitudes.
  • Analyzed the differential impact of performance and racial factors on approval among different demographic groups.

Main Results:

  • Mayor performance significantly impacts approval, supporting the generalizability of national performance models to local Black executives.
  • Racial factors (identification and racism) also demonstrably influence approval, indicating the continued relevance of the racial model.
  • Performance evaluations were more influential for white voters than for Black voters in this specific context.

Conclusions:

  • Both performance and racial models are essential for understanding Black mayoral approval, with their relative importance being context-dependent.
  • In contexts of changing city conditions, performance may dominate; in stable periods, performance and racial models may be equally weighted.
  • Findings have implications for the strategies and electoral success of Black officeholders.

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