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Gemcitabine in hematologic malignancies.

C Nabhan¹, N Krett, V Gandhi

¹Division of Hematology/Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. c-nabhan@northwestern.edu

Current Opinion in Oncology

|October 24, 2001

Summary

Gemcitabine, a DNA synthesis inhibitor, shows promise in treating hematologic malignancies like leukemia and lymphoma. Its well-tolerated profile supports its potential incorporation into early-phase cancer therapies.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Pharmacology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Gemcitabine is a pyrimidine analogue with established efficacy in solid tumors.
Its mechanism involves inhibiting DNA synthesis via chain termination and ribonucleotide reductase inhibition.
Gemcitabine exhibits a favorable toxicity profile in initial clinical studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the efficacy of gemcitabine in hematologic malignancies.
To evaluate gemcitabine's activity in various blood cancers, including leukemia and lymphoma.
To assess the potential of gemcitabine in combination therapies for hematologic disorders.

Main Methods:

Review of existing in vitro and clinical data on gemcitabine in hematologic malignancies.
Analysis of gemcitabine's activity in refractory Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and acute leukemias.

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Examination of in vitro data in myeloma and leukemic cell lines.

Main Results:

Gemcitabine demonstrates significant activity in refractory Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Positive responses observed in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and acute leukemias.
Substantial in vitro evidence supports gemcitabine's efficacy against myeloma and leukemic cell lines.

Conclusions:

Gemcitabine shows considerable promise for treating hematologic malignancies.
The drug's efficacy and tolerability suggest its potential for early-phase therapeutic incorporation.
Further clinical investigation is warranted to establish gemcitabine's role in hematologic cancer treatment.