Orthopedic pitfalls in the ED: vascular injury associated with knee dislocation

Tibial femoral knee dislocation is a severe injury, with a real potential for limb-threatening vascular compromise, primarily caused by injury to the popliteal artery. When unrecognized or inadequately evaluated and treated, these injuries often lead to a high incidence of morbidity and potential limb loss. Emergency medicine practitioners should be vigilant for vascular injury associated with knee dislocation. This review article examines the clinical presentation, diagnostic techniques, and management options applicable to the emergency practitioner.