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Calcium metabolism and cardiovascular function after spaceflight.

Daniel C Hatton1, Qi Yue, Jacqueline Dierickx

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA. hattond@ohsu.edu

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|December 18, 2001
PubMed
Summary

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Spaceflight disrupts calcium metabolism and blood pressure regulation. Dietary calcium had minimal short-term impact on these spaceflight-induced changes in rats.

Area of Science:

  • Spaceflight physiology
  • Calcium metabolism
  • Cardiovascular regulation

Background:

  • Spaceflight induces significant physiological changes, including alterations in calcium metabolism and blood pressure.
  • Understanding the impact of dietary factors on these changes is crucial for astronaut health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of dietary calcium levels on spaceflight-induced alterations in calcium metabolism.
  • To assess the effect of dietary calcium on blood pressure regulation during and after spaceflight.

Main Methods:

  • Spontaneously hypertensive rats were fed either high- or low-calcium diets.
  • Rats were subjected to an 18-day space shuttle flight.
  • Calcium metabolism markers, bone mineral density, and blood pressure were measured post-flight.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline CardiopulmonaryNASA Experiment Number 9401686Non-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • Spaceflight increased ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone, and skull bone mineral density, while reducing calcitonin and femur bone mineral density.
  • Intracellular calcium concentration in platelets was reduced post-flight.
  • Mean arterial pressure was elevated post-flight, despite a trend towards reduced systolic blood pressure.
  • Dietary calcium significantly impacted calcium metabolism and blood pressure, but interactions with flight were limited, except for a greater ionized calcium increase in low-calcium fed flight animals.

Conclusions:

  • Short-term spaceflight-induced disruptions in calcium metabolism are largely unaffected by dietary calcium.
  • Elevated ionized calcium post-flight did not ameliorate pre-existing hypertension.
  • Parathyroid hormone levels were paradoxically elevated in high-calcium fed rats post-flight.