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Corneal abnormalities in diabetes.

J Siribunkum1, P Kosrirukvongs, A Singalavanija

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet
|January 5, 2002
PubMed
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Diabetic patients show altered corneal thickness and endothelial cell characteristics. The duration of diabetes mellitus significantly correlates with these corneal changes, suggesting pre-surgical evaluation is crucial.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Diabetology
  • Corneal Science

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus can affect ocular tissues.
  • Corneal health is vital for visual function and intraocular surgery.
  • Understanding diabetic corneal changes is important for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare corneal thickness and endothelial cell morphology in diabetic patients versus healthy controls.
  • To investigate correlations between diabetes duration, retinopathy severity, glycemic control, and corneal parameters.
  • To assess the clinical implications for diabetic patients undergoing intraocular surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 30 diabetic patients and 30 healthy controls.
  • Corneal thickness measured using ultrasonic pachymetry.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Corneal endothelial morphology assessed via specular microscopy, measuring cell density, area, variation, and hexagonal cell percentage.

    • Main Results:

    • Diabetic patients exhibited significantly higher corneal endothelial cell density and reduced mean cell area.
    • Corneas in diabetic patients showed trends towards increased thickness, higher cell area variation, and fewer hexagonal cells, though not statistically significant.
    • Diabetes duration showed significant correlations with corneal pleomorphism, polymegathism, and thickness.

    Conclusions:

    • Diabetic corneas may be thicker with altered endothelial morphology, particularly in longer-duration diabetes.
    • Corneal changes in diabetes are linked to disease duration, not glycemic control or retinopathy severity.
    • Pre-operative evaluation of corneal status is recommended for diabetic patients before intraocular surgery.