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Biological evaluation of polymers. I. Poly(methyl methacylate)
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|November 1, 1975
Summary
This study evaluated primary screening methods for acute toxicity using poly(methyl methacrylate) formulations. In vitro tests, like hemolysis and tissue culture, effectively detected toxicity variations related to formulation and curing conditions.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Toxicology
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is widely used, necessitating robust toxicity assessment.
- Variability in PMMA formulations impacts biological responses.
- Primary screening methods require validation for accuracy and responsiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate primary screening methods for acute toxicity assessment of PMMA formulations.
- To correlate material properties and extractables with biological responses.
- To determine the suitability of in vitro tests for PMMA toxicity screening.
Main Methods:
- Tested 27 PMMA formulations and their USP extracts for biological responses (tissue culture, hemolysis, irritation, etc.).
- Quantified nonvolatile methanol extractables and volatile components (methyl methacrylate).
- Performed statistical analysis, including correlation and regression, on biological and chemical data.
Main Results:
- Significant correlations found between residue weight (methanol extractable) and hemolytic activity (r=0.93) and cumulative biological response (r=0.9).
- Multiple linear regression showed high correlation (r=0.96) between residue weight, hemolysis, and intradermal irritation.
- Hemolytic activity and tissue culture responses were significantly correlated (r=0.87).
Conclusions:
- Biological test results reflect significant differences in PMMA material toxicity.
- In vitro tests are responsive to formulation and curing conditions, indicating suitability for primary toxicity screening.
- The evaluated PMMA series exhibited relatively low toxicity.