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Relations between vegetable, fruit and micronutrient intake. Implications for odds ratios in a case-control study
E Negri1, C La Vecchia, S Franceschi
1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy. evanegri@marionegri.it
Objective:
To investigate whether the protection observed for some micronutrients, such as beta-carotene, in several observational studies may simply reflect vegetable and fruit intake.
Design:
A case-control study conducted in Italy.
Subjects:
The subjects were 1225 colon cancer patients, 728 rectal cancer patients and 4154 hospital controls.
Results:
For the 16 micronutrients considered, the more closely a micronutrient was correlated with total vegetable and fruit intake, the more it appeared protective against colorectal cancer.
Conclusion:
When studying the effect of a nutrient on disease risk in an observational setting, its relation to other nutrients and foods must be taken into account.
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