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Quantum state preparation and conditional coherence.

K J Resch1, J S Lundeen, A M Steinberg

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto ON M5S 1A7, Canada.

Physical Review Letters
|March 23, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers prepared arbitrary superpositions of zero- and one-photon states using spontaneous parametric down-conversion and postselection. This technique defines optical phase by collapsing one beam

Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) is a key quantum optical process.
  • SPDC probabilistically generates single-photon states, crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Controlling the phase of photonic states is essential for quantum information processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate the preparation of arbitrary superpositions of zero- and one-photon states.
  • To investigate the role and control of optical phase in these superposition states.
  • To show that postselection can define optical phase in SPDC-generated light.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) as the photon source.
  • Implementing a postselection scheme on the generated photon pairs.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Performing measurements to verify the nature of the prepared photonic states.

    • Main Results:

    • Arbitrary superpositions of zero- and one-photon states were successfully prepared.
    • The optical phase of the superposition states was shown to be controllable via postselection.
    • Measurement success on one beam collapsed the other beam into a state with a well-defined optical phase.

    Conclusions:

    • Postselection offers a method to prepare and control photonic superposition states.
    • This technique provides a route to well-defined optical phase, a critical parameter in quantum optics.
    • The findings advance the ability to generate and manipulate photonic states for quantum applications.