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[Tuberculosis in Israel--main epidemiological aspects].

Daniel Chemtob1, Alex Leventhal, Daniel Weiler-Ravell

  • 1Department of Tuberculosis and AIDS, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel.

Harefuah
|April 12, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) is a growing global concern, significantly impacting Israel due to immigration. Recent immigrants are most at risk, necessitating a high index of suspicion for early diagnosis and effective TB control policies.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Context:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a significant global and Israeli public health issue.
  • The World Health Organization declared TB a "global emergency" in 1993.
  • The Israeli Ministry of Health designated TB a "dangerous infectious disease" in 1996.

Purpose:

  • To provide an epidemiological update on tuberculosis (TB) for practicing physicians in Israel.
  • To present global TB data alongside relevant Israeli statistics for clinical decision-making.
  • To inform TB control policy in Israel.

Summary:

  • TB incidence in Israel is heavily influenced by immigration, with 80-90% of cases in foreign-born individuals, particularly new immigrants.
  • Drug resistance is increasing, with approximately 20% of strains resistant to at least one drug and 8% to isoniazid and rifampicin (MDR-TB).

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  • Tuberculosis associated with AIDS has risen due to immigration from sub-Saharan Africa, though cases among foreign workers remain relatively low.

    • Impact:

    • Physicians are most likely to encounter TB in recent immigrants, requiring a high index of suspicion due to non-specific early symptoms.
    • Epidemiological data supports the development of targeted TB control strategies.
    • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing TB, especially in high-risk immigrant populations.