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Voiding urosonography with ultrasonography contrast medium in children.

Hans-Joachim Mentzel1, Susanna Vogt, Ulrike John

  • 1Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Jena, Bachstrasse 18, 07740 Jena, Germany. hans-joachim.mentzel@med.uni-jena.de

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|April 17, 2002
PubMed
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Voiding urosonography (VUS) is a reliable new method for detecting vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children. This study found VUS highly accurate when compared to traditional voiding cystourethrography (VCUG).

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common condition in children, often diagnosed via voiding cystourethrography (VCUG).
  • Newer imaging techniques are being explored to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient comfort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of voiding urosonography (VUS) using ultrasonography contrast medium.
  • To compare VUS performance against the gold standard, radiographic voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), for VUR detection in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 118 children (3 weeks to 16 years) with 234 ureterorenal units.
  • Patients underwent both VUS with ultrasonography contrast medium (Levovist) and conventional VCUG during the same session.

Related Experiment Videos

  • VUS involved filling the bladder with saline and contrast, with reflux identified by echogenic bubbles in the ureter or renal pelvis.

    • Main Results:

    • Voiding urosonography (VUS) demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with an overall concordance rate of 93.7% compared to voiding cystourethrography (VCUG).
    • VUS achieved a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 94.6%, and a negative predictive value of 97.8% for detecting VUR.
    • Both methods excluded reflux in 77.7% of ureterorenal units, highlighting VUS's reliability in ruling out the condition.

    Conclusions:

    • Voiding urosonography (VUS) with ultrasonography contrast medium is a reliable and accurate diagnostic tool for detecting vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children.
    • The high sensitivity and specificity suggest VUS can be a valuable alternative or adjunct to VCUG in pediatric VUR diagnosis.
    • VUS offers a potentially less invasive and effective imaging modality for pediatric urinary tract evaluations.