Snake bite by Cerastes vipera in children: report of two cases

Area of Science:

• Herpetology
• Toxicology
• Pediatric Medicine

Background:

• Cerastes vipera, commonly known as the Saharan horned viper, is a venomous snake found in North Africa.
• Snakebite envenomation in children presents unique challenges due to smaller body mass and potential for severe systemic effects.

Observation:

• Two pediatric cases of Cerastes vipera envenomation are detailed, involving a 2-year-old and a 4-year-old.
• Clinical manifestations included local pain, extensive swelling, hemorrhagic blisters, urinary retention, tachycardia, and altered prothrombin time in the younger child.
• The older child presented with hypertension and fever.

Findings:

• Both children experienced significant local and regional swelling following the envenomation.
• Systemic symptoms varied between the two patients, indicating a spectrum of clinical responses.
• Despite initial symptoms, both children showed gradual resolution of swelling and were discharged in good condition without complications.

Implications:

• This case series highlights the clinical presentation and recovery course of Cerastes vipera envenomation in young children.
• It underscores the importance of prompt medical evaluation and supportive care for pediatric snakebite victims.
• The generally favorable outcome suggests that while envenomation can cause notable symptoms, severe complications may be infrequent with appropriate management.